What we know

5 times more CO2 emissions in Texas than in Sweden. This difference is attributed to the varying carbon intensity of the electricity grids powering data centers in each region. 5 times higher than in Sweden.

Why it matters

AI’s environmental impact varies significantly depending on where the computing takes place. Regions with cleaner electricity grids, like Sweden, result in much lower carbon emissions per AI request compared to areas reliant on fossil fuels, such as Texas. Understanding these differences is important for managing AI’s overall carbon footprint as its use expands globally.

What is still unknown

No independent verification of the emissions analysis has been published. Details on which AI models or languages were evaluated, and whether these findings apply broadly across different AI services, remain unclear. The report does not specify any timelines for further studies or broader data releases.